Wednesday, March 20, 2019

20th March,2019 Daily Global Regional Local Rice E-Newsletter


Rice crops shrink in face of tight water allocations
IN A SEASON marred by drought and tight water allocations, Australian rice growers are facing possibly the second smallest rice crop in 50 years.That’s according to SunRice chairman Laurie Arthur. Despite this, Mr Arthur said growers were still determined to grow rice this season in a bid to keep up with demand from key international markets. Mr Arthur, who himself is growing about 100ha of rice near Moulamein, said “there’s a strong demand for Australian produce … obviously there’s a strong desire by our growers to grow rice”. “One of the things about (rice), we can actually have a year off growing rice, and not suffer capital damage,” Mr Arthur said. “We’re developing high value markets all over the world, for example we have rice going into Syria, into the Western Bank, and Palestine. “We export into over 50 different countries. But there are a lot of issues. For example, in Japan we pay a huge tariff. We face a lot of tariff barriers. Into Indonesia, we’ve been barred from Indonesia. For some reason we’ve been dealt out of that. Those are just some of the headwinds we face. “The high value markets we do have, it’s very difficult when some of our growers — and we respect this — choose not to plant rice in a season. It makes it difficult to develop those high value markets.” Mr Arthur said Australia was facing potentially the “second smallest rice crop in about 50 years”.
“It’s quite dramatic,” Mr Arthur said. “Particularly the general security of water, that’s had its issues this year. Certainly (SunRice) offered good pricing,” he said.

“Often it’s not really the case if water is available, but the price the water is available at. Water sat in the south around $400-500 a megalitre, but in the north it was up to $700 a megalitre. It comes down to our access to water. It’s an issue that’s occupying the minds of many.” Mr Arthur said in the face of tough conditions last year, many growers had moved away from rice and into cotton. “Some have done that exclusively, but some have done a rice and cotton mix,” Mr Arthur said. SunRice have increased rice research levies in a bid to release more water-savvy rice varieties for Australian growers.
“We have a number of short term and long term objectives, such as new rice variety released called Viand. It’s a short season variety, about a month shorter, which means it’s using less water,” Mr Arthur said. “All our varieties now are targeting water use per tonne. We’ve made quite considerable gains in the past 10 years. “We’re looking at permanent water, and have made some significant reductions in water use. In the long term, we’re doing some genetic work, to make sure we can have a dry rice, where we can row crop the rice. Quite a bit of work is being done on that, and so there’s been a significant increase in our rice research levy. Those are the positives (this season).”

PM aide lauds growth in rice exports

 

By APP
Published: March 19, 2019

Rice exports have increased over the last 10-12 years. PHOTO: FILE
KARACHI: The present government is making efforts to extend all-out support to the business community for stabilising the country’s economy, said Adviser to Prime Minister on Commerce Abdul Razak Dawood.
Addressing a seminar on Monday titled ‘Trade Opportunities in USA, China and Indonesia’ he appreciated the growth of rice industry in the country, saying that rice exports surpassed $2 billion in financial year 2018. He further remarked that rice industry was prioritised to achieve the exports target of $5 billion. “Rice industry is at the top in the country and it has produced excellent results,” he cherished. He promised complete support to all traders and businessmen especially in the rice industry to help achieve their set targets.
Published in The Express Tribune, March 19th, 2019.
Unfair Harvest: The state of rice in Asia
Small-scale producers grow most of the rice in Asia, playing a significant role in providing food security, jobs and income across the region. However, a combination of worsening inequality in food value chains and the crippling impacts of climate change is leaving rice farming systems at a critical juncture. These challenges threaten the future viability of rice production that underpins the livelihoods and primary food source for millions of people. New research commissioned by Oxfam shows that rice farmers in some countries can receive as little as 4% of the price paid by consumers. This has implications for poverty: in Nepal, farmers’ income from rice farming is estimated at just 13% of the amount needed for a basic but decent income. The burden is particularly bad for women farming and working in the Asian rice sector: they receive lower wages and often suffer discrimination. There are opportunities for change. For example, smarter government regulation to protect workers’ rights and empower small-scale producers can support better returns for farmers; and responsible private sector investment can support small-scale producers to benefit from rapidly modernizing rice markets. This paper puts forward a vision for a more equitable, sustainable and climate-resilient rice sector; and provides recommendations for governments and the private sector to help achieve that vision.

Colombia’s corn production stalls, imports grow

03.1.2019
WASHINGTON, D.C., U.S. — Colombia is expected to import a historically high level of corn from the United States as its production stagnates due to lack of incentives to increase acreage.
Total corn imports are estimated at 5.7 million tonnes for 2019-20, with 5.6 million tonnes coming from the United States, according to a March 15 report from the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS). U.S. corn is price competitive due to trade preferences under the U.S.-Colombia Trade Promotion Agreement (CTPA) and geographical advantages compared to South American competitors, the FAS said.
“Corn imports have shown an upward trend as feed demand continues to grow while domestic corn production remains flat,” the FAS said.
Colombian corn production is forecast to remain unchanged at 1.6 million tonnes in 2019-20 as weather conditions are expected to be favorable for crop development, but area planted continues to marginally decrease.
Consumption, however, is forecast to increase to 7.4 million tonnes with increasing demand from the animal feed industry. The FAS said 95% of corn imports are destined for animal feed while the remaining 5% is for human consumption.
Rice production is estimated to be stagnant at 2.4 million tonnes. Since 2017, the National Federation of Colombian Rice Producers (Fedearroz) has been actively conducting campaigns among producers to decrease area planted to maintain profitable producer prices and reduce large stocks after record production seasons, the FAS said.
Consumption in 2019-20 is estimated at 1.85 million tonnes. Rice is a basic staple food in Colombia and has a high per capita consumption compared to neighboring countries.
Rice imports are forecast at 160,000 tonnes with the United States remaining the primary supplier.

Egypt set to harvest, import more wheat

03.19.2019
CAIRO, EGYPT — Egyptian wheat production and imports are forecast higher in 2019-20 as demand continues to increase, according to a March 18 Global Agricultural Information Network (GAIN) report from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA).
The USDA projects Egypt’s wheat production in 2019-20 to rise 4% from 8.45 million tonnes to 8.77 million tonnes. The agency forecasts a 1% increase in wheat imports to 12.6 million tonnes.
In 2018-19, the General Authority for Supply Commodities, Egypt’s largest wheat purchaser, issued 24 tenders through Feb. 20, 2019, importing 6.13 million tonnes of milling wheat, the USDA said.
“This represents a nearly 8% increase from the GASC’s purchases during the same period in marketing year 2017-18,” the USDA said. “The largest foreign suppliers in 2018-19 included Russia (3.9 million tonnes), Romania (960,000 tonnes), Ukraine (480,000 tonnes), France (480,000 tonnes) and the United States (300,000 tonnes).”
The USDA forecasts Egypt’s corn imports in 2019-20 at 9.5 million tonnes, up 1% from the previous year.
“Egypt’s yellow corn production covers less than 20% of its feed demands,” the USDA said. “Imports are supplementing the feed manufacturing industry’s expanded production.”
Rice imports are projected at 500,000 tonnes in 2019-20, the same as the previous year, according to the USDA.
Ghana to reduce rice import by 50% in 2019 - Ministry of Agriculture
20 March 2019
The reduction of rice importation the growth and consumption of local rice
The Ministry of Agriculture says plans are in place to reduce the importation of rice by at least 50 percent this year.This is to enhance the growth and consumption of local rice in Ghana.Description: Rice SmuggleCurrently, Ghana imports 331 million dollars of rice annually, a development stakeholders have described as worrying.Speaking to Citi Business News Deputy Minister of Agriculture, George Oduro said measures such as the ‘planting for food and jobs’ as well as the newly introduced Irrigation land facility system should help reduce the importation of rice by half.“This year alone, our target to stop the importation of rice by 50 percent, maybe we can achieve that or more.” He said.

He also added that the importation of tomatoes is equally being looked at to reduce it soon.

“Then tomatoes too, we are trying by the end of this year to stop the importation of tomatoes and if possible export.”He, however called for a collaborative effort to achieve this feat.

“We are putting measures to stop these importation of these food items because the possibility of us producing them here is there, we can. But only if we come together to show the interest. That is the only way we can solve this problem.” He added.

Bengal famine of 1943 caused by British policy failure, not drought: IIT-Gn study

Press Trust of India  |  Gandhinagar Last Updated at March 20, 2019 13:11 IST
The 1943 Bengal famine, which is estimated to have caused over three million deaths, resulted not from a drought as is widely thought but from the British government's policy failures, say IIT Gandhinagar scientists who have analysed 150 years of drought data.
Policy lapses such as prioritising distribution of vital supplies to the military, civil services and others as well as stopping rice imports and not declaring Bengal famine hit were among the factors that led to the magnitude of the tragedy, historians have maintained.
Now, for the first time, researchers have analysed soil moisture database from 1870 to 2016 to reconstruct agricultural droughts.
Between 1935-45, the famine-affected region, which was Bengal, had no drought, the team from the Indian Institute of Technology here found.
"We are trying to understand the entire history of droughts in India and what is the likelihood they will occur in future," said Vimal Mishra, assistant professor at the institute.
"Famines that occurred during the British period caused the deaths of millions. We investigated the factors behind the causes of these deaths -- droughts or policy failures," he told PTI.
The Bengal famine of 1943 was completely because of policy failure", he said.
Aside from the 1943 Bengal famine, all other famines during 1870 and 2016, appear to be related, at least in part, to widespread soil moisture droughts, Mishra said.
While historians have documented policy failures that led to the Bengal famine, this is the first time scientists have used soil moisture data to show there was no drought in Bengal during the period preceding the famine.
After analysing over 150 years of data for the study published in the journal Geophysical Research Letters, researchers identified seven major droughts and six major famines in India.
"Out of six major famines (187374, 1876, 1877, 189697, 1899, and 1943) that occurred during 18702016, five are linked to soil moisture drought, and one (1943) was not," researchers wrote in the study.
"At the time, there was not much irrigation, groundwater pumping was not happening because electricity or mechanical pumps were not available," Mishra said.
The last major famine in the British era occurred in 1943, which is also known as the Bengal famine. The famine resulted in two-three million deaths.
"We identified 1935-45 as a period under drought, but the famine-affected region, which was Bengal, had no drought during this period," said Mishra.
"We find that the Bengal famine was likely caused by other factors related at least in part to the ongoing threat of World War II -- including malaria, starvation and malnutrition," he added.
Previous research has shown that in early 1943, military and other political events adversely affected Bengal economy.
"We did a very solid diagnosis for each famine that happened in Bengal and Bihar -- which was part of the northeastern province of Awadh in the British period," Mishra said.
"What was unique in the 1873-74 famine was that there were 25 million people affected but low mortality due to famine," he added.
According to Mishra, this low mortality was due to food imports from Burma, and timely relief aid provided by the British government. Then Bengal lieutenant governor Richard Temple imported, distributed food and relief money and that saved a lot of lives, he said.
"The famine was over in 1874, with 17 per cent surplus monsoon rainfall and good food production. But Temple was heavily criticised by the British for over expenditure," said Mishra.
In the 1876-77 famine, which affected south India in 1876 and north India in 1877, over 30 million people were impacted. The study suggests that at least six-10 million people died, because measures to provide relief and employment were not taken at the time.
According to the study, the expansion of irrigation, better public distribution system, rural employment, and transportation reduced the impact of drought on the lives of people after Independence.
Mishra expressed the hope that a comprehensive analysis of the history of droughts and famines in the country can help prepare for such disasters in the future.
According to experts, following the Japanese occupation of Burma in 1942, rice imports stopped, and Bengal's market supplies and transport systems were disrupted. The British government also prioritised distribution of vital supplies to the military, civil servants and other "priority classes".
The policy failures began with the provincial government's denial that a famine existed. Humanitarian aid was ineffective through the worst months of the food crisis, and the government never formally declared a state of famine.
It first attempted to influence the price of rice, but these measures created a black market and encouraged sellers to withhold stocks.
(This story has not been edited by Business Standard staff and is auto-generated from a syndicated feed.)

Drought, Diokno and deregulation

MARCH 20, 2019
·       DROUGHT, DIOKNO AND DEREGULATION
MARLEN V. RONQUILLO
Description: https://s14255.pcdn.co/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/MARLEN-V.-RONQUILLO.jpgDROUGHT has been society’s scourge from biblical times. The land is parched. Standing crops wilt. The bright sun, for once, is not a blessing but a curse. Across the farming areas, desperate farmers preside over the detritus of the failed season: young yellow corn shrunk to a wasted pale brown, month-old rice plantings that even famished carabaos won’t touch, lifeless vegetable crops hanging limp on their improvised trellises.
Farm families, when they gather for meals, move in the robotic gestures of pain and hopelessness. No words are spoken. Attempts at normal conversation during times of drought usually end up with the father, the farmer and breadwinner, choking up on his grief. He can’t even say the next cropping season will be better.
I had been through these bouts of unspoken pain in my youth, as my farmer-father, at a loss for words to tell us there would be nothing for the next six months because of the drought, would often choke on his misery. Later in life, I would read Sonnet 29 , and realized that the Shakespearean loser was my farmer-father in times of drought.
Ok, there is always the town’s rich usurer. In times of drought, farmers cling to the town’s rich usurer as some heroic savior of lives.
Then and now, the official response to droughts is standard, as if carved in stone and impervious to change. It has always been a combination of PR and big words and bigger promises. The government will deliver help. Financial assistance will come. The drought-stricken farmers will be compensated one way or another. Two percent will get help, and the propagandists will make sure that help will get media coverage. Then the 98 percent of the sufferers will be forgotten. Farmers in this sad country have no one to turn to after calamities and disasters.
This is also carved in stone. Farmers and farming areas suffering from the current drought will have to fend for themselves.
Yet, to most farmers across the country, the drought will be a temporary thing. It is a horror show that will soon come to pass. Been there, overcame that. We overcame one in 2008, when there was a nightmarish confluence of a drought and a regional financial crisis. The bigger worry of real farmers — as opposed to the politicians who assume agriculture oversight posts to cover up for their real estate empires — is the ascendancy of a certified grifter, former Budget Secretary Benjamin Diokno, into the powerful post of Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) governor, the main steward of monetary policy.
Diokno, while Budget secretary, was the spokesman of the cabinet who scolds that regularly belittled agriculture sector. Members of the House of Representatives who pleaded for more funds for agriculture were lectured by Diokno on the hopeless state of agriculture and its diminished contribution to the GDP. It (agriculture) is a sunset sector, Diokno would lecture the representatives pleading for more agricultural support. It was later found that Diokno was the alleged architect of a P75 billion insertion into the national budget. And that billions of infrastructure funds had been allegedly diverted into the political bailiwick of his in-laws in Sorsogon province, a fund diversion as garapal as the Napoles scam.
It was the economic team of Diokno, Dominguez and Pernia that allowed the Land Bank of the Philippines to extend an unsecured loan of $85 million to bankrupt Hanjin and at the same time starve the small farmers and agrarian reform beneficiaries of the loans due them. The Land Bank was created to specifically serve the needs of two sectors — agrarian reform beneficiaries and small farmers. Yet, it violated its mandate with impunity, with the economic policymakers as abettors, and the unsecured loan to the bankrupt Hanjin was Exhibit A of the anti-farm bias of its lending.
The anti-farm bias of Diokno, this is the fear of farmers, will be the hallmark of his BSP stewardship.
One of Diokno’s major statements before leaving the budget post angered the sugar farmers and planters. He announced the government’s plan for unlimited sugar importation. Why was the Budget secretary the spokesman of key agricultural policies, which are 100 percent anti-farmers and anti-agriculture?
Diokno is expected to carry over his policy biases as main steward of the country’s monetary policies.
Deregulation of the rice trade is now a done deal, the gift of a pliant Congress to an administration which is as obsessed with GDP figures as the government of Mr. Aquino 3rd. Never mind that the end of the quantity restrictions on rice imports will kill the three million neglected small rice farmers. The process of dying has started. Farmgate prices for palay has dropped to P14 per kilo and this is just the first month of the deregulated regime.
Were the Filipino farmers just lazy and noncompetitive, they deserved what they got from Congress and the Duterte administration. But across Asia, the Filipino farmer is not only a literal beast of burden but he is also the farmer who has to labor under the most hostile of agricultural policies. Farmers in Vietnam and Thailand do not only get support, they get official pampering from their governments.
Here, they have to contend with droughts, Diokno and deregulation and many other pains inflicted on them by the anti-farm policies of the state.

Ministry of Agric reveals 50% cut down in Ghana's rice importation

Date: 20 March 2019
By Justice Kofi Bimpeh

The Ministry of Agriculture says plans are underway to reduce Ghana's rice import by at least 50 per cent this year.

This according to the Ministry will enhance the growth and consumption of local rice in the country.

Currently, Ghana imports 331 million dollars of rice annually, development stakeholders have described as worrying.
In an interview Citi FM, Deputy Minister of Agriculture, George Oduro said measures such as the ‘planting for food and jobs’ as well as the newly introduced Irrigation land facility system should help reduce the importation of rice by half.
“This year alone, our target to stop the importation of rice by 50 per cent, maybe we can achieve that or more.” He said.
He also added that the importation of tomatoes is equally being looked at to reduce it soon.
“Then tomatoes too, we are trying by the end of this year to stop the importation of tomatoes and if possible export.” He, however, called for a collaborative effort to achieve this feat.
“We are putting measures to stop the importation of these food items because the possibility of us producing them here is there, we can. But only if we come together to show the interest. That is the only way we can solve this problem.” He added.

‘Rice farmers remain poor due to government’s bad policies’

Description: https://39byfk2z09ab1y1bzj1l5r82-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/top01-080118-696x437.jpgIn Photo: Corazon, a farmworker in Laguna, winnows freshly harvested palay.
The country’s rice farmers will not become poorer because of the implementation of the rice trade liberalization law, or Republic Act 11203, which converted caps on imports into tariffs, according to the Kapisanan ng Magsasaka, Mangingisda at Manggagawa ng Pilipinas.
V.L. Sonny Domingo, the group’s chairman, said many rice farmers remain poor because of the bad policies implemented by the government after 1986.
“Rice farmers have always been poor and the real issue is not the rice tariffication. The issue is, why continue with the status quo for the last 32 years after the supposed Edsa Revolution, when they have become poorer than ever,” Domingo said in a statement sent to the BusinessMirror.
He noted that the government had failed to capitalize on the chance to prepare farmers for competition with other foreign producers when it imposed the quantitative restriction (QR) on rice after the Philippines joined the World Trade Organization
in 1995.
“The QR with NFA was imposed to get the farmers ready for the rice liberalization by way of doubling their production and teaching them how to be cost effective and be competitive,” Domingo said.
“But how can they be competitive when they were only given dole outs, such as fertilizers and tractors, instead of capital to put up their own agri corporations and go into large-scale farming as a business?” he added.
What the Departments of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform should do, he said, is cluster farms to help farmers venture into commercial farming which can afford them economies of scale. Through block farming, farmers can eventually raise the funds they need to farm equipment such as tractors, transplanters and harvesters and postharvest facilities.
“Instead of organizing block farms, farmers were given huge candies in the form of tractors which were allowed to rot when these broke down. Also, many have incurred huge debts because they could not access farm credit,” he said in Filipino.
Domingo said the “vicious cycle of mendicancy” continues with their use of old technology in planting and harvesting rice.
He said the government should cluster farms and help planters form agri corporations that can employ technical and professional managers who can run their farming venture. Domingo also said the National Food Authority should be tapped to purchase rice from these cluster farms.
The rice trade liberalization law took effect on March 5. Farmers’ groups had opposed the measure, saying planters could lose their livelihood due to the influx of cheap rice imports.

Capitol allots P22-M worth of assistance for farmers

PAMPANGA. Third District Congressman Aurelio “Dong” Gonzales, Jr. discusses his assistance program for farmers during Monday’s rehabilitation and recovery program for affected farmers by typhoons and habagat initiated by the Provincial Government of Pampanga in cooperation with the solon’s office. (Chris Navarro)
March 19, 2019
THE Provincial Government of Pampanga has allotted P22 million for the rehabilitation and recovery program of 10,375 farmers who were affected by the typhoon and southwest monsoon last 2018.

According to Governor Lilia “Nanay” Pineda, the Capitol is recognizing their efforts to produce rice for Kapampangans. May it be day or night, their intensive efforts to provide food for the province is so much to thank for, she said.

“Dahil sa inyo kaya ang bawat pamilyang Kapampangan ay may nahahapag na pagkain sa kanilang mga tahanan. Ang Kapitolyo ay palaging naka-antabay sa inyo upang kayo ay tulungan sa inyong mga pangangailangan (It is because of you that each Kapampangan family has food on the table. The Capitol is always ready to assist you in your needs),” she said.

For his part, Vice Governor Dennis “Delta” Pineda assured the farmers that the provincial government would strengthen support for them and prioritize machineries, equipment and seed development for them.

Meanwhile, Third District Board Member Anianas Canlas, Jr., chairman of the committee on agriculture and agrarian reform, lauded the farmers for being resilient, especially that today’s biggest competitor is climate change.

The lady governor also invited Dr. Frisco Malabanan, senior technical promotion consultant, to discuss to the farmers the one-million hectare hybrid rice intensification project.

Malabanan explained to the attendees the performance of paddies in the country from 2015-2018.

In 2018, palay production decreased by 1.14 percent as compared to 2017.

The area harvested for palay decreased from 4.81 million hectares to 4.80 million hectares from 2017 to 2018. Also, the recorded highest average yield was 4.01 metric tons per hectare last 2017.

He also shared that Department of Agriculture Secretary Emmanuel Piñol is campaigning to address the fear and concerns of the rice industry on the Rice Tariffication Act in the Philippines.

Governor Pineda also reiterated the advantages of tariffication for the agriculture industry.

For Senate Committee on Agriculture and Food Chairperson Cynthia Villar, this would help local farmers to be more competitive.

“Because in the recent lifting of quantity restriction, one of its impact is the lack of competitiveness in the market that would eventually discourage the farmer to produce rice,” she said.

The law, according to her, provided for a competitive enhancement fund.

The fund would allot half to rice farm machinery and equipment for eligible farmer groups, rice cooperatives and local government units, while 30 percent will go to rice seed development, propagation and promotion, and 10 percent each to rice credit assistance and rice extension services.

This will also be a source of direct financial assistance to farmers cultivating two hectares and below in the form of compensation for projected losses.

Third District Representative Aurelio “Dong” Gonzales, Jr. for his part, said that he will allot P80 million this year for the agricultural industry of the province.

According to provincial agriculturist Edilberto Salenga, each farmer received P1,300 multiplied by the measure of hectares they owned.

Also present in the event were provincial board members, Provincial Disaster Risk Reduction and Management officer Angie Blanco, Provincial Social Welfare and Development officer Elizabeth Baybayan, DA regional director Crispulo Baustita, Jr. and Mitigations Program of National Irrigation Administration head Engr. Isabelito Bitangol. (PR)

Why Alzheimer’s scientists are looking at green tea and carrots
By Najja ParkerThe Atlanta Journal-Constitution
Tues., March 19, 2019
While scientists have not found a cure for Alzheimer’s disease, they may be able to reverse the symptoms with some key compounds, according to a new report.
Researchers from the University of Southern California recently conducted a study, published in the Journal of Biological Chemistry, to determine how diet can impact the brain disorder. They specifically examined two compounds: epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a key ingredient in green tea, and ferulic acid (FA), which is found in carrots, tomatoes, rice, wheat and oats.
Researchers have discovered that ferulic acid (FA), which is found in carrots, tomatoes, rice, wheat and oats, reverses the symptoms of Alzheimer’s in mice. Toronto Star  (STEVE RUSSELL / TORONTO STAR)
For their assessment, they observed mice in good health and with Alzheimer’s-like symptoms. They ran them through tests that assessed their memory and thinking skills.
One was a Y-shaped maze that tested the rodents’ spatial working memory — “a skill that humans use to find their way out of a building,” the team explained in a statement. While healthy mice were able to enter and exit the maze several times, impaired mice could not.
The analysts then randomly grouped the mice into four different categories. The first group consumed a combination of EGCG and FA, the second had only EGCG, the third ate only FA and the fourth had a placebo.
“After three months, combination treatment completely restored spatial working memory and the Alzheimer’s mice performed just as well as the healthy comparison mice,” senior author Terrence Town said.
Despite the results, the researchers noted “many mouse discoveries never translate into human treatments.”
However, they believe their findings are promising, because they think their data proves certain plant-based supplements may help protect against Alzheimer’s disease.
“You don’t have to wait 10 to 12 years for a designer drug to make it to market; you can make these dietary changes today,” Town said. “I find that very encouraging.”

Science: Metabolite stimulates a crop whereas suppressing a weed [Report]

A newly discovered, naturally occurring metabolite that promotes growth in rice plants and thwarts infestation by a common parasitic plant could help improve global food security, say KAUST researchers. Plant scientists are working on methods for generating healthy, nutritious crops to feed the world’s growing population. However, breeding strong plants that provide reliable, sustainable yields is beset with challenges, including battling parasitic infestations and plant infections.
Apocarotenoids are organic compounds found in the tissues of most living things; they can act as hormones and signaling molecules which, among other functions, stimulate metabolic processes. Scientists are just beginning to untangle the complex networks of these compounds in plants, with surprising results.
Under the guidance of KAUST faculty Salim Al-Babili, Takashi Gojobori and Ikram Blilou, the KAUST team, together with scientists in Italy, have identified a novel apocarotenoid metabolite called zaxinone that is synthesized by a previously overlooked group of enzymes, carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases (CCDs), found in most plants. As well as promoting plant growth, zaxinone reduces infestation by the root parasite,Striga,also known as witchweed.
The first author of the paper Jian You Wang explains, “Strigais a parasitic plant that infests cereals. Plant hormones called strigolactones are released by host plants into soil, and Striga seeds use this to germinate and build a structure that connects them to the host roots, where they siphon off nutrients, minerals and water. This strips the host of resources needed for its own growth, drastically reducing yields. Striga now affects more than 60 percent of farmland in sub-Saharan Africa and is spreading quickly; it is one of the seven major biotic threats to global food security.”
The team used sequence databases to analyze the distribution and activity of CCD genes across 69 different plant species, including rice. They identified a gene and its associated enzyme in one CCD subfamily that produces zaxinone. They investigated mutant rice plants with reduced zaxinone content to find that they had poor growth and elevated levels of strigolactones.
“Next, we exposed mutant and wild-type plants to increased zaxinone levels,” says Wang. “This treatment rescued the mutant plants and promoted the growth of wild-type plants. We were surprised to find that this metabolite regulates strigolactone levels with the knock-on effect of tackling Striga infestation.”
“We are very excited about zaxinone—it could be used to alleviate Striga infestation or as a bio-stimulant to accelerate plant growth,” Al-Babili adds. “We’re currently performing metabolomics and transcriptomics studies to fully understand this growth regulator and how it functions.”
More information:
Jian You Wang et al. The apocarotenoid metabolite zaxinone regulates growth and strigolactone biosynthesis in rice, Nature Communications (2019). DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08461-1
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A newly discovered, naturally occurring metabolite that promotes growth in rice plants and thwarts infestation by a common parasitic plant could help improve global food security, say KAUST researchers. Plant scientists are working on methods for generating healthy, nutritious crops to feed the world’s growing population. However, breeding strong plants that provide reliable, sustainable yields is beset with challenges, including battling parasitic infestations and plant infections.
Apocarotenoids are organic compounds found in the tissues of most living things; they can act as hormones and signaling molecules which, among other functions, stimulate metabolic processes. Scientists are just beginning to untangle the complex networks of these compounds in plants, with surprising results.
Under the guidance of KAUST faculty Salim Al-Babili, Takashi Gojobori and Ikram Blilou, the KAUST team, together with scientists in Italy, have identified a novel apocarotenoid metabolite called zaxinone that is synthesized by a previously overlooked group of enzymes, carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases (CCDs), found in most plants. As well as promoting plant growth, zaxinone reduces infestation by the root parasite,Striga,also known as witchweed.
The first author of the paper Jian You Wang explains, “Strigais a parasitic plant that infests cereals. Plant hormones called strigolactones are released by host plants into soil, and Striga seeds use this to germinate and build a structure that connects them to the host roots, where they siphon off nutrients, minerals and water. This strips the host of resources needed for its own growth, drastically reducing yields. Striga now affects more than 60 percent of farmland in sub-Saharan Africa and is spreading quickly; it is one of the seven major biotic threats to global food security.”
The team used sequence databases to analyze the distribution and activity of CCD genes across 69 different plant species, including rice. They identified a gene and its associated enzyme in one CCD subfamily that produces zaxinone. They investigated mutant rice plants with reduced zaxinone content to find that they had poor growth and elevated levels of strigolactones.
“Next, we exposed mutant and wild-type plants to increased zaxinone levels,” says Wang. “This treatment rescued the mutant plants and promoted the growth of wild-type plants. We were surprised to find that this metabolite regulates strigolactone levels with the knock-on effect of tackling Striga infestation.”
“We are very excited about zaxinone—it could be used to alleviate Striga infestation or as a bio-stimulant to accelerate plant growth,” Al-Babili adds. “We’re currently performing metabolomics and transcriptomics studies to fully understand this growth regulator and how it functions.”
More information:
Jian You Wang et al. The apocarotenoid metabolite zaxinone regulates growth and strigolactone biosynthesis in rice, Nature Communications (2019). DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08461-1

TNAU, Queen’s varsity networks on Food Security, Biodiversity, Climate Change

Covai Post Network
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Coimbatore: A three day Networking workshop on “Balancing Climate, Bio-diversity & Food security – Towards a Global Alliance” is in progress at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU) in association with Queen’s university, England and Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF).
Speaking at the inaugural yesterday, Dr. Deepak Kumaresan of Queen’s University, highlighted the importance of Network workshop and emphasized that addressing such key environmental issues is necessary as around 40 million migration is expected in the near future due to these issues.
In his presidential address, TNAU Vice chancellor Dr N Kumar stressed that food and nutritional security, impacts on biodiversity and climate are crucial interlinked platforms that need a strong network between countries and Institutions, a TNAU release said Tuesday.
While expressing satisfaction over achievements in food grain production and increasing nutritional security by way of increased horticultural production, he said that the other two areas need more attention.
TNAU has initiated studies on the physiological changes occurring in crop plants due to increase in temperature up to 4 to 5 degree, he said and recalled that technologies evolved by the Environmental Sciences Department of TNAU helped combat straw burning issues in Punjab and Haryana.
Former TNAU Vice chancellor and environmental scientist, K Ramasamy highlighted the transformation of India’s ancient pollution management wisdom into novel technologies. With 40-75 liters of wastewater generated for every kg of industrial products, nano-filtration remained a viable technology for reuse of such waters, he said.
The workshop, to be concluded tomorrow, is attended by 80 delegates from Ireland, Bangladesh, England, Guyana, Brazil, District environmental engineers, Scientists from Indian Rice Research Institute, Central Leather Research Institute, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Salim Ali Centre of Ornithology, entrepreneurs from industries and Scientists from TNAU, it said.

What caused Bengal famine 1943? British policy failure responsible, not drought

By: PTI | Updated: March 20, 2019 2:09 PM

Policy lapses such as prioritising distribution of vital supplies to the military, civil services and others as well as stopping rice imports and not declaring Bengal famine hit were among the factors that led to the magnitude of the tragedy, historians have maintained.

Description: bengal famine, west bengal, news, what happended, british india, british governmentFor Bengal famine 1943 British policy failure responsible, not drought (Image: Reuters)
The 1943 Bengal famine, which is estimated to have caused over three million deaths, resulted not from a drought as is widely thought but from the British government’s policy failures, say IIT Gandhinagar scientists who have analysed 150 years of drought data. Policy lapses such as prioritising distribution of vital supplies to the military, civil services and others as well as stopping rice imports and not declaring Bengal famine hit were among the factors that led to the magnitude of the tragedy, historians have maintained.
Now, for the first time, researchers have analysed soil moisture database from 1870 to 2016 to reconstruct agricultural droughts. Between 1935-45, the famine-affected region, which was Bengal, had no drought, the team from the Indian Institute of Technology here found.
“We are trying to understand the entire history of droughts in India and what is the likelihood they will occur in future,” said Vimal Mishra, assistant professor at the institute. “Famines that occurred during the British period caused the deaths of millions. We investigated the factors behind the causes of these deaths — droughts or policy failures,” he told PTI.
The Bengal famine of 1943 was “completely because of policy failure”, he said. Aside from the 1943 Bengal famine, all other famines during 1870 and 2016, appear to be related, at least in part, to widespread soil moisture droughts, Mishra said. While historians have documented policy failures that led to the Bengal famine, this is the first time scientists have used soil moisture data to show there was no drought in Bengal during the period preceding the famine.
After analysing over 150 years of data for the study published in the journal Geophysical Research Letters, researchers identified seven major droughts and six major famines in India. “Out of six major famines (1873–74, 1876, 1877, 1896–97, 1899, and 1943) that occurred during 1870–2016, five are linked to soil moisture drought, and one (1943) was not,” researchers wrote in the study.
“At the time, there was not much irrigation, groundwater pumping was not happening because electricity or mechanical pumps were not available,” Mishra said. The last major famine in the British era occurred in 1943, which is also known as the Bengal famine. The famine resulted in two-three million deaths.
“We identified 1935-45 as a period under drought, but the famine-affected region, which was Bengal, had no drought during this period,” said Mishra.
“We find that the Bengal famine was likely caused by other factors related at least in part to the ongoing threat of World War II — including malaria, starvation and malnutrition,” he added. Previous research has shown that in early 1943, military and other political events adversely affected Bengal economy.
“We did a very solid diagnosis for each famine that happened in Bengal and Bihar — which was part of the northeastern province of Awadh in the British period,” Mishra said. “What was unique in the 1873-74 famine was that there were 25 million people affected but low mortality due to famine,” he added.
According to Mishra, this low mortality was due to food imports from Burma, and timely relief aid provided by the British government. Then Bengal lieutenant governor Richard Temple imported, distributed food and relief money and that saved a lot of lives, he said. “The famine was over in 1874, with 17 per cent surplus monsoon rainfall and good food production. But Temple was heavily criticised by the British for over expenditure,” said Mishra.
In the 1876-77 famine, which affected south India in 1876 and north India in 1877, over 30 million people were impacted. The study suggests that at least six-10 million people died, because measures to provide relief and employment were not taken at the time.
According to the study, the expansion of irrigation, better public distribution system, rural employment, and transportation reduced the impact of drought on the lives of people after Independence. Mishra expressed the hope that a comprehensive analysis of the history of droughts and famines in the country can help prepare for such disasters in the future.
According to experts, following the Japanese occupation of Burma in 1942, rice imports stopped, and Bengal’s market supplies and transport systems were disrupted. The British government also prioritised distribution of vital supplies to the military, civil servants and other “priority classes”.
The policy failures began with the provincial government’s denial that a famine existed. Humanitarian aid was ineffective through the worst months of the food crisis, and the government never formally declared a state of famine. It first attempted to influence the price of rice, but these measures created a black market and encouraged sellers to withhold stocks.

Researchers brew sustainable beer from surplus sushi rice

Description: Researchers brew sustainable beer from surplus sushi riceCourtesy of the National Food Institute at Technical University of Denmark
Researchers at the National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark have brewed a sustainable beer from surplus sushi rice.
The draught beer is now a fixture on the menu at Sticks’n’Sushi in Lyngby made from the restaurant chain’s surplus sushi rice.
When Sticks’n’Sushi cook up large batches of rice for use in their products, not all of it gets used.
While surplus rice can be turned into biogas or used as animal feed, the restaurant chain has sought help from the National Food Institute to investigate ways of recycling the rice in a beer specially developed for their guests.
While barley is the main ingredient in Danish beer, there is already a range of—mainly Asian—beers made from rice available on the international market. So, while brewing a beer based on rice is not a novel idea, the notion of using surplus rice is.
Since September 2018, German master student Marlin Kersting has carried out research at DTU together with the spinout company Science Brew to develop a recipe for a beer that contains as much surplus rice as possible.
His research has also helped to identify the other ingredients needed to give the beer the best flavour.
Brewing beer with large quantities of rice has proved to be a challenge, as the starchy ingredient tends to block the filters in a way that a grain-based mash does not.
However, Science Brew Director and brewer Preben Bøje Hansen has come up with an idea to avoid these blockages when brewing the sustainable beer.
Science Brew has already put the recycled rice beer into production and supplies it to Sticks’n’Sushi, and it is being served as draught beer to customers at the Lyngby restaurant.
Selling the beer—called Gohan Biiru, meaning rice beer—mainly as draught beer makes it even more sustainable.
While Marlin Kersting has been successful in brewing 10-litre batches using almost solely surplus rice, water and a small amount of malt, Science Brew has been able to translate this into a workable recipe when brewing the beer on a much larger scale.
At the moment, Gohan Biiru contains approximately 20% excess cooked rice, but Preben Bøje Hansen expects to be able to increase the rice content.
Ultimately, Sticks’n’Sushi hopes to be able to offer Gohan Biiru to guests in all its restaurants

Bengal famine of 1943 caused by British policy failure, not drought: IIT-Gn study

Press Trust of India  |  Gandhinagar Last Updated at March 20, 2019 13:11 IST
The 1943 Bengal famine, which is estimated to have caused over three million deaths, resulted not from a drought as is widely thought but from the British government's policy failures, say IIT Gandhinagar scientists who have analysed 150 years of drought data.
Policy lapses such as prioritising distribution of vital supplies to the military, civil services and others as well as stopping rice imports and not declaring Bengal famine hit were among the factors that led to the magnitude of the tragedy, historians have maintained.
Now, for the first time, researchers have analysed soil moisture database from 1870 to 2016 to reconstruct agricultural droughts.
Between 1935-45, the famine-affected region, which was Bengal, had no drought, the team from the Indian Institute of Technology here found.
"We are trying to understand the entire history of droughts in India and what is the likelihood they will occur in future," said Vimal Mishra, assistant professor at the institute.
"Famines that occurred during the British period caused the deaths of millions. We investigated the factors behind the causes of these deaths -- droughts or policy failures," he told PTI.
The Bengal famine of 1943 was completely because of policy failure", he said.
Aside from the 1943 Bengal famine, all other famines during 1870 and 2016, appear to be related, at least in part, to widespread soil moisture droughts, Mishra said.
While historians have documented policy failures that led to the Bengal famine, this is the first time scientists have used soil moisture data to show there was no drought in Bengal during the period preceding the famine.
After analysing over 150 years of data for the study published in the journal Geophysical Research Letters, researchers identified seven major droughts and six major famines in India.
"Out of six major famines (187374, 1876, 1877, 189697, 1899, and 1943) that occurred during 18702016, five are linked to soil moisture drought, and one (1943) was not," researchers wrote in the study.
"At the time, there was not much irrigation, groundwater pumping was not happening because electricity or mechanical pumps were not available," Mishra said.
The last major famine in the British era occurred in 1943, which is also known as the Bengal famine. The famine resulted in two-three million deaths.
"We identified 1935-45 as a period under drought, but the famine-affected region, which was Bengal, had no drought during this period," said Mishra.
"We find that the Bengal famine was likely caused by other factors related at least in part to the ongoing threat of World War II -- including malaria, starvation and malnutrition," he added.
Previous research has shown that in early 1943, military and other political events adversely affected Bengal economy.
"We did a very solid diagnosis for each famine that happened in Bengal and Bihar -- which was part of the northeastern province of Awadh in the British period," Mishra said.
"What was unique in the 1873-74 famine was that there were 25 million people affected but low mortality due to famine," he added.
According to Mishra, this low mortality was due to food imports from Burma, and timely relief aid provided by the British government. Then Bengal lieutenant governor Richard Temple imported, distributed food and relief money and that saved a lot of lives, he said.
"The famine was over in 1874, with 17 per cent surplus monsoon rainfall and good food production. But Temple was heavily criticised by the British for over expenditure," said Mishra.
In the 1876-77 famine, which affected south India in 1876 and north India in 1877, over 30 million people were impacted. The study suggests that at least six-10 million people died, because measures to provide relief and employment were not taken at the time.
According to the study, the expansion of irrigation, better public distribution system, rural employment, and transportation reduced the impact of drought on the lives of people after Independence.
Mishra expressed the hope that a comprehensive analysis of the history of droughts and famines in the country can help prepare for such disasters in the future.
According to experts, following the Japanese occupation of Burma in 1942, rice imports stopped, and Bengal's market supplies and transport systems were disrupted. The British government also prioritised distribution of vital supplies to the military, civil servants and other "priority classes".
The policy failures began with the provincial government's denial that a famine existed. Humanitarian aid was ineffective through the worst months of the food crisis, and the government never formally declared a state of famine.
It first attempted to influence the price of rice, but these measures created a black market and encouraged sellers to withhold stocks.
(This story has not been edited by Business Standard staff and is auto-generated from a syndicated feed.)

Gut issue

A SURVEY of the United Nations’ World Food Programme and an international risk analysis firm nine years ago classified the Philippines as “high risk” from food insecurity due to various factors, including risk of extreme weather events, quality of agricultural and distribution infrastructure, conflict and effectiveness of government.
What was interesting about the survey was about extreme weather events, one of which was rising temperatures. Researchers looked at the impact of rising daily minimum and maximum temperatures on irrigated rice production between 1994 to 1999 in 227 fields in China, India, Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. They found that the main culprit in the drop in rice yields was higher daily minimum temperatures. As the daily minimum temperature increases, or as nights get hotter, rice yields drop.
Up to a point, higher daytime temperatures can increase rice yield but future yield losses caused by higher night-time temperatures will likely outweigh any such gains because temperatures are rising faster at night. It was thus not without basis that the survey cited extreme weather events as among the factors that will cause food insecurity. Even modest rises in global temperatures will drive down rice production.
Rice is in fact a key global crop, eaten by around three billion people a day. In Asia, it is a staple food to some 600 million people who are among the world’s one billion poorest inhabitants. A decline in rice production will mean more people will slip into poverty and hunger.
With rice as our staple food, it is imperative for the Department of Agriculture to push for programs that will increase production, ensure steady irrigation water, and make fertilizers affordable. It should not just wait for the unpredictable weather to “cooperate.” If we do not have climate adaptation programs such as changing our rice production methods or develop new rice strains that can withstand higher temperatures, there will be a loss in rice production over the next few decades as days and nights get hotter. And there will be famine across the land.
Global warming or climate change is thus gut issue. It should therefore not be downplayed or glossed over by the government.

Gravity systems to lower high rice irrigation costs — official

Other schemes depend on expensive electricity-powered pumping systems, experts call for more gravity funding

In Summary
• Since water flows downhill, government urged to build gravity-fed irrigation system for rice farmers in Western Kenya to lower high production costs.
•West Kano alone spends Sh22 million annually move water with electric pumps from Lake Victoria. 
Description: Kisumu Governor Anyang Nyong'o with Western Kenya Schemes senior manager Joel Tanui at Ahero Irrigation Scheme
WATER FLOWS DOWNHILL: Kisumu Governor Anyang Nyong'o with Western Kenya Schemes senior manager Joel Tanui at Ahero Irrigation Scheme 
Image: MAURICE ALAL
Western Kenya Schemes spends Sh22 million annually to pump water from Lake Victoria to rice farmers at West Kano Irrigation Scheme in Kisumu.
WKS senior manager Joel Tanui said on Monday this is very expensive since it depends on electricity to pump water. It's cheaper to follow the laws of nature and let it flow downhill into the scheme.
Tanui said the National Irrigation Board spends Sh14 million and Sh8 million to pump water into and out of the 2,230 acres under rice, respectively.
The manager attributed part of the high cost of pumping water to blockage of intake valves by water hyacinth choking Lake Victoria.
"The hyacinth affects the quality of water as it decomposes," Tanui said.
The weed also blocks water from getting into the irrigation scheme, which makes maintaining and operating pump stations very expensive, he said. 
Tanui said the scheme has 1,800 rice and horticultural farmers. It produces 5,000 tonnes of rice per season.
He proposed the construction of a gravity-fed irrigation system to reduce production costs.
Last year, despite high costs and dilapidated facilities, WKS produced 22,550 tonnes against the country’s annual rice production average of 120,000 tonnes in the 2017-18 main season.
The production translates to Sh789.3 million. WKS is comprised of the Ahero, Southwest Kano, West Kano and Nokiso irrigation schemes.
Tanui said Ahero, which has 2,168 acres, produced 5,000 tonnes; West Kano (2,230 acres) produced 5,050 tonnes; South West Kano (3,000 acres) and Nokiso (2,500 acres) produced 7,000 and 5,500 tonnes, respectively.
The schemes are still grappled with high costs, high electricity bills, dilapidated acilities, ageing structures which cause low efficiency, problems with credit access and repayment delays.
Ahero and West Kano farmers also experience perennial floods which cause massive losses.
Tanui, however, encouraged farmers to diversify farming to achieve food security.
He called for more funding for gravity-fed irrigation programmes. 

The country consumes about 450,000 tonnes of rice annually but has been producing about 120,000 tonnes, leaving importers to bridge the gap.
The WKS is a significant contributor to the 120,000 tonnes.
Tanui said plans are underway to boost rice production in Ahero, West Kano and South West Kano irrigation schemes.
The board also looks to build Lower Kuja scheme in Migori county, which has the potential to produce 80,000 tonnes of rice every year.

Dominican Republic drought ‘won’t’ hurt rice price, supply

Santo Domingo.- The drought that impacts much of the Dominican Republic won’t prevent the supply and stable price of rice for consumers, the Agriculture Ministry’s National Rice Commission announced in a meeting on Mon.
Moreover, National Rice Producers Federation (Fenarroz) president Juan María, said the drought has most affected the Northwest.
He noted however that there’s a water shortage in the Central Cibao region but not to the point of curtailing production.
“In the Cibao Central is where the largest rice production is, 70 percent, and I said that it is possible that the rice production that is going to be reduced in the Northwest, basically in Montecristi, that area of Castañuela, is going to compensate the Central Cibao, because the Cibao is totally planted and the drought is favorable for rice,” Maria said.

Urgent need for higher rice export quota to China: industry
THIHA KO KO 20 MAR 2019
The Myanmar Rice Federation (MRF) urged the government to facilitate the signing of an agreement that will firm up an official rice export quota to China at last week’s Private Sector Development Committee Meeting, which was led by the Vice President U Myint Swe.
MRF chair U Ye Min Aung urged the government to negotiate a higher rice export quota for Myanmar rice to ensure smoother trade of rice at the border. 
China currently imports commodities based on a quota system. Myanmar’s official export quota, set in 2016, is 100,000 tonnes of rice. According to data from the Ministry of Commerce, over 50 percent of Myanmar-produced rice is sold to China via the border. As such traders are lobbying for that quota to be quadrupled, to 400,000 tonnes.
“It is very important that a higher quota is reached because farmers and many companies along the supply chain rely on the trade during harvesting season,” U Ye Min Aung said.
Because of the existing quota, traders have resorted to exporting illegally, which has subjected trade at the border to volatile swings in demand and disruptions. Last December, for example, trading at the Muse border gate was suspended in a crackdown on illegal exports by the Chinese authorities. 
Last month, Chinese authorities seized around 50,000 tonnes of rice at Muse and have yet to release the stockpile. 
U Chan Thar Oo, vice chair of the Muse Rice and Paddy Commodity Exchange said the current situation is not appropriate and that both governments should come to a quick agreement under which Myanmar traders are not subject to disruptive checks by the Chinese. “The two governments should legalise the trade of rice by adjusting the export quota,” he said.
U Aung Htoo, deputy minister of commerce, said an MOU for higher export quotas for rice and broken rice to China via the border will be signed by “this month or next. Negotiations are at the final level now,” he said.
Myanmar exported 1.7 million tonnes of rice and broken rice worth US$ 578 million between April and December last year, according to the Ministry of Commerce.  Around 52pc was exported by sea, while the rest was sold at the border to China. 
At those levels, rice exports have decreased by over a third from 2.5 million tonnes worth US$780 million in the same period the year before. The main reason for the recent fall in exports is lower demand from China.

Distress sale of paddy to hit vote bank

 Distress sale of paddy by farmers has been a major election plank and politicians are promising to come to their aid.
Published: 20th March 2019 02:59 AM  |   Last Updated: 20th March 2019 10:30 AM  |  
Description: http://images.newindianexpress.com/uploads/user/imagelibrary/2019/3/20/w900X450/Distress_sale.jpg
By Express News Service
KENDRAPARA: Distress sale of paddy by farmers has been a major election plank and politicians are promising to come to their aid. In Kendrapara, a large number of farmers are not in a mood to support the ruling party in the coming polls over their demands of price, prestige and pension. Though BJD has been raising voice for the cause of farmers, the community is in no mood to budge from their stand.
With the millers failing to procure paddy from farmers at the government decided minimum support price of `1,750, the farmers are compelled to sell it to outside agencies at throwaway prices between `1,200 and `1,500, said Umesh Singh, a farmer leader and president of district unit of Krushak Sabha.“Millers are not interested to purchase paddy from us because of which I sold three quintals of paddy at mere `3,600 last week. I will not vote in favour BJD as this government is anti-farmer,” said Satrughan Jena of Gandakhia village in the district.
District Congress president and former MLA, Chinmay Beura said a large number of farmers across the district are being forced into distress sale, resulting in huge financial losses. Thousands of farmers have raised their voices against BJD alleging  anti-farmer policies and Congress will bank on this anti-government factor, he added.
Hundreds of paddy farmers are in deep trouble in the district as millers are reluctant to purchase paddy from farmers though more than 5 lakh quintals of paddy in the 115 paddy procurement centres (Mandis) of the government in the district.The State Government is playing with the lives of farmers for which, they will not vote in favour of BJD in the election, said Dyurodhan Sahoo, president of district unit of BJP.
Former chairman of Kendrapara municipality and BJD leader Dhiren Sahoo said distress sale of paddy is not an issue in the  coming polls in Kendrapara district as the Government has already    opened several paddy procurement centres in all the nine blocks.
District Supply Officer Rajanikant Das said, “As many as 21 millers have already purchased 6,13,973  quintals of paddy from farmers in the paddy procurement centres and provided 1,40,085 quintals of rice to us. We have a stock of five lakh quintals of paddy in the procurement centres. Rice mill owners of the district are reluctant to procure more paddy from mandis for which we recently  urged the millers of other areas of the State to purchase paddy from the mandis.”Stay up to date on all the latest Odisha news with The New Indian Express

What are you hiding
(David Douglas Duncan photo)Puerto Rico Rice Supplier Fined for False Advertising 
By Jesica Kincaid
ARLINGTON, VA -- Last week, the Department of Consumer Affairs of Puerto Rico (DACO) issued a $10,000 fine against Pan American Grain for violating the Deceptive Practices and Ads Regulation in the rice packaging they sell in Puerto Rico.  The company was guilty of deceiving consumers by claiming place of origin on 20-pound bags of medium grain rice sold under the Valencia, D'aquí, and Rico brands was the United States when the origin actually was China.

"This is a victory and good first step for exporters of U.S. rice from the mid-South who have seen a steady decline in sales at the hands of imports from China," said Keith Gray, chair of the USA Rice Millers' Association and a Texas miller.
The action by DACO follows a meeting between USA Rice staff and legal counsel and the San Juan office U.S. Customs and Boarder Protection (CPB) in January to outline our concerns about country of origin mislabeling by Pan American Grain and the extremely low prices at which the rice from China was entering the United States.  Customs regulations prohibit the type of country of origin labeling used by Pan American Grain, and USA Rice urged CPB to launch an investigation.
Puerto Rico is a substantial medium grain market, with annual consumption of 217,674 cwt in the most recent three years.  Independent marketing reports show a decline in rice marketed on the island originating in the United States while retailers sourcing from China have gained market share steadily.
"We have concerns not only about the country of origin marking on this rice but also about whether the rice is medium grain as labeled on the package," said USA Rice COO Bob Cummings who met with CBP officials earlier this year.  "We are taking these labeling issues to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for their action."
USA Rice Daily, Tuesday, March 19, 2019

Rice bowl becomes corn country as irrigators in southern New South Wales battle low water allocations

Updated yesterday at 12:22
First posted yesterday at 12:18


(ABC Rural: Cara Jeffery)
Description: A man and a woman stand in front of their maize crop, where usually they would grown riceThe Riverina rice bowl in southern New South Wales is looking more like corn country this season.
Normally at this time of year rice headers would be rigged up and raring to go for harvest, but this year first-time corn growers are looking for suitable header fronts to strip their corn crops.The change in crop choice from rice to corn (also referred to as maize) was made by many growers this summer due to low or no general security water allocations.
NSW Farmers of the Year, Glen and Julie Andreazza, who farm at Willbriggie near Griffith, are among those growing corn for the first time.
"This is the first time in the 36 years since I left school that I haven't grown rice and it's purely because of water availability and price," Mr Andreazza said.
"I argued with my son, who is an accountant, the case to grow rice but he ran the numbers and just said 'Dad, you can't grow rice, it just doesn't stack up'.
"We tossed around whether to grow sorghum or cotton and corn came out on top; it was a very heavy-hearted decision for me not to grow rice."

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The Murrumbidgee Valley, where the Andreazza family farms, has a 7 per cent general security water allocation and the temporary price for water is trading around $500 a megalitre.
"With the price of water at the moment, it's probably not feasible to grow much, and it was tough to decide whether to sell the water or use it to grow crops," Mr Andreazza said.
"But growing a crop helps with your mental stability, it's actually pleasing to walk around something that is growing, it makes you feel better. I don't like looking at bare paddocks."
To ensure they can continue to farm under the Murray-Darling Basin Plan and with reduced water allocations and drought, the Andreazzas developed a water portfolio that includes a mix of bore water, high security water, and general security water.
They also recycle water in their cropping program.
"All the water that comes onto the farm stays on the farm and is reused — it's just so precious," Mr Andreazza said.
"We've had to do more with less water; we've just had to adapt."

Getting the numbers to stack up

Chris Morshead also planted corn for the first time on his property at Widgelli near Griffith.
His cropping program is based on "whatever makes the most money".
Description: A man walks past his maize crop

(ABC Rural: Cara Jeffery)
Mr Morshead will harvest the corn crop in the next week and was keen to see its value.
"Looking at it now, I don't think it will yield anything spectacular, it's just been too hot this summer with too many days above 46 degrees," he said.
"But hopefully I am pleasantly surprised when I get the header in the paddock.
"I'll need to yield 12 to 14 tonnes a hectare for the numbers to stack up."
Mr Morshead usually planted 130 hectares of rice and 260 hectares of cotton, but was keen to trial corn and sunflowers this season.
"We are trying to get a bigger spread in our summer crop armoury," he said.
"It doesn't matter how much water it uses, it's about the return per megalitre."

Corn more water efficient, says grower

Maize Association of Australia chair Bernie Walsh from Leeton is not a newcomer to growing corn.
He swapped out rice for corn more than 30 years ago as he found it more water efficient and better suited to the soil on his property.
Mr Walsh said water use was dependent on the variety of corn but ranged from five to 10 megalitres a hectare with yields of 16 tonnes a hectare now common.
"I think more maize [corn] will be grown in Australia for its water efficiencies and high-end yields," he said.
"And the price is good at the moment at about $400 to $420 a tonne."
He was not concerned there would be an oversupply as there was strong demand domestically for corn for stockfeed and human consumption.
"If water becomes a lot cheaper and the price stays where it is there could be a glut, but I can't see that happening," he said.

Near future not looking bright for rice

Description: Rice header stripping a rice crop in paddock near Deniliquin in southern NSW in April 2018.In the Murray Valley region, in the southern Riverina, general security water allocation remains at 0 per cent.Deniliquin agronomist Adam Dellwo said this season only one of his farmers had grown rice."Last year I had 30 growers putting in rice, so this is a monumental step backwards," Mr Dellwo said.

(ABC Rural: Cara Jeffery)
"Zero water allocation didn't allow for many growers to have the confidence to plant very much summer crop at all," he said.Mr Dellwo said some growers were able to grow reduced crops of corn, cotton, sorghum and lucerne from bore water allocations.
He said it was a very difficult time for farmers in the Murray Valley as water allocations had not improved in time for their autumn planting.
"For many farmers, it's the first time in a long time they haven't planted a rice crop and now moving onto their winter cropping program is going to be very difficult as they are still sitting on zero water allocation," he said.
Last year around 600,000 tonnes of rice was grown in the Riverina, while SunRice has forecast the 2019 crop to be the second smallest recorded since the millennium drought in 2003 when 400,000 tonnes of rice was delivered.
The company reconfigured its milling, packaging and warehouse operations to prepare for the reduced rice crop that will be delivered in the coming weeks.
As for next summer, the Andreazza family is hopeful rice will be back on the agenda.
"I still drive past rice paddocks now and say it will be back, it will definitely be back. It's in my heart," Mr Andreazza said.

Kellogg’s plans to contract Titan rice; crop released in 2015 by U of A

Professor Xueyan Sha, left, and his research team cut breeder seed for advancing medium grain rice breeding lines like Titan. Special to The Commercial/Fred Miller/UA System Division of Agriculture
  
Kellogg Company announced in December that it will accept contracts of Titan rice for a portion of its 2019 volume of rice for cereal, said Bob Scott, director of the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture’s Rice Research and Extension Center.
Titan is a high-yield, very short-season, medium-grain rice variety released from the Division of Agriculture’s rice breeding program in 2015. It offers some improvements over Jupiter, an earlier release from Louisiana that is a favorite among producers who grow medium-grain rice for cereal markets.
Division rice breeder Xueyan Sha said Titan averaged 200 to 205 bushels per acre in performance trials, about 10 bushels higher than Jupiter.
Cereal chemistry is similar to Jupiter, Sha said, but grain size, dimensions and quality are improved. Its milling yield is 59 percent head rice, it has low chalkiness and grain color is whiter than Jupiter.
“The cereal industry and general export markets will find its grain characteristics and quality very desirable,” Sha said.
Titan matures four to six days earlier than Jupiter, Sha said. It’s a semidwarf plant similar in height to Jupiter, but Titan has improved resistance to lodging.
Titan has better resistance to leaf blast than Jupiter, Sha said. It is moderately susceptible to bacterial panicle blight.
Foundation seed for Titan has been available to seed growers and dealers since 2016. It has been widely available to rice producers since 2017.
Jarrod Hardke, extension rice agronomist for the Division of Agriculture, said Titan was grown on approximately 70,000 acres in Arkansas in 2018, which accounted for 40 percent of medium-grain acres.
“It should maintain a similar market share or greater in 2019,” he said.
To learn more about Division of Agriculture rice breeding and research, visit the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station website: https://aaes.uark.edu or follow the agency on Twitter at @ArkAgResearch.
The University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture offers all its Extension and Research programs to all eligible persons without discrimination.
— Fred Miller is a Science Editor at the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture.
Nagpur Foodgrain Prices Open- March 19, 2019
MARCH 19, 2019 / 12:59 PM /
Nagpur Foodgrain Prices – APMC/Open Market-March 19, 2018 Nagpur, Mar 19 (Reuters) – Gram and tuar prices declined in Nagpur Agriculture Produce Marketing Committee (APMC) here on poor buying support from local millers amid high moisture content arrival. Easy condition in Madhya Pradesh pulses also affected sentiment. Two-day Holi festival from tomorrow affected trading activity. About 1,000 bags of tuar and 8,500 bags of gram reported for auctions in Nagpur APMC, according to sources.

GRAM
* Gram super best bold and medium best recovered in open market here on renewed

demand from local traders for Holi festival.

TUAR
* Tuar gavarani reported higher in open market here on good seasonal demand from

local traders.

* Udid varieties firmed up in open market here on good festival demand

from local traders.

* In Akola, Tuar New – 5,450-5,450, Tuar dal (clean) – 7,900-8,200, Udid Mogar (clean)

– 6,500-7,500, Moong Mogar (clean) 7,200-7,800, Gram – 4,100-4,250, Gram Super best

– 6,000-6,300 * Wheat, other varieties of rice and other foodgrain items moved in a narrow range in

scattered deals and settled at last levels in weak trading activity.

Nagpur foodgrains APMC auction/open-market prices in rupees for 100 kg

FOODGRAINS Available prices Previous close

Gram Auction 3,600-3,860 3,600-3,900

Gram Pink Auction n.a. 2,100-2,600

Tuar Auction 4,400-4,985 4,450-5,100

Moong Auction n.a. 3,950-4,200

Udid Auction n.a. 4,300-4,500

Masoor Auction n.a. 2,600-2,800

Wheat Lokwan Auction 1,800-1,940 1,850-2,160

Wheat Sharbati Auction n.a. 2,900-3,000

Gram Super Best Bold 6,000-6,200 5,900-6,100

Gram Super Best n.a. n.a.

Gram Medium Best 5,600-5,800 5,500-5,700

Gram Dal Medium n.a. n.a

Gram Mill Quality 4,250-4,350 4,250-4,350

Desi gram Raw 4,150-4,250 4,150-4,250

Gram Kabuli 8,300-10,000 8,300-10,000

Tuar Fataka Best-New 8,000-8,200 8,000-8,200

Tuar Fataka Medium-New 7,300-7,500 7,300-7,500

Tuar Dal Best Phod-New 7,000-7,200 7,000-7,200

Tuar Dal Medium phod-New 6,800-7,100 6,800-7,100

Tuar Gavarani New 5,450-5,550 5,400-5,500

Tuar Karnataka 5,550-5,750 5,550-5,750

Masoor dal best 5,300-5,500 5,400-5,600

Masoor dal medium 5,000-5,200 5,000-5,300

Masoor n.a. n.a.

Moong Mogar bold (New) 7,500-8,000 7,500-8,000

Moong Mogar Medium 6,500-7,000 6,500-7,000

Moong dal Chilka New 6,700-7,800 6,700-7,800

Moong Mill quality n.a. n.a.

Moong Chamki best 7,600-8,700 7,600-8,700

Udid Mogar best (100 INR/KG) (New) 6,900-7,900 6,800-7,800

Udid Mogar Medium (100 INR/KG) 5,600-6,600 5,500-6,500

Udid Dal Black (100 INR/KG) 3,800-4,000 3,700-3,900

Batri dal (100 INR/KG) 5,800-5,900 5,800-5,900

Lakhodi dal (100 INR/kg) 5,000-5,100 5,000-5,100

Watana Dal (100 INR/KG) 5,600-5,700 5,600-5,700

Watana Green Best (100 INR/KG) 6,500-6,700 6,500-6,700

Wheat 308 (100 INR/KG) 2,200-2,300 2,200-2,300

Wheat Mill quality (100 INR/KG) 2,100-2,150 2,100-2,150

Wheat Filter (100 INR/KG) 2,500-2,600 2,500-2,600

Wheat Lokwan best (100 INR/KG) 2,600-2,700 2,600-2,700

Wheat Lokwan medium (100 INR/KG) 2,300-2,500 2,300-2,500

Lokwan Hath Binar (100 INR/KG) n.a. n.a.

MP Sharbati Best (100 INR/KG) 3,400-4,000 3,400-4,000

MP Sharbati Medium (100 INR/KG) 2,800-3,200 2,800-3,200

Rice Parmal (100 INR/KG) 2,100-2,200 2,100-2,200

Rice BPT best (100 INR/KG) 3,400-3,600 3,400-3,600

Rice BPT medium (100 INR/KG) 2,500-3,000 2,500-3,000

Rice BPT new (100 INR/KG) 2,900-3,200 2,900-3,200

Rice Luchai (100 INR/KG) 2,900-3,000 2,900-3,000

Rice Swarna best (100 INR/KG) 2,600-2,800 2,600-2,800

Rice Swarna medium (100 INR/KG) 2,500-2,600 2,500-2,600

Rice HMT best (100 INR/KG) 4,000-4,400 4,100-4,400

Rice HMT medium (100 INR/KG) 3,500-3,900 3,500-3,900

Rice HMT New (100 INR/KG) 3,600-3,800 3,600-3,800

Rice Shriram best(100 INR/KG) 5,400-5,600 5,400-5,600

Rice Shriram med (100 INR/KG) 4,600-5,000 4,600-5,000

Rice Shriram New (100 INR/KG) 4,200-4,400 4,200-4,400

Rice Basmati best (100 INR/KG) 9,000-13,500 9,000-13,500

Rice Basmati Medium (100 INR/KG) 5,000-7,500 5,000-7,500

Rice Chinnor best 100 INR/KG) 6,500-6,800 6,500-6,800

Rice Chinnor medium (100 INR/KG) 6,200-6,400 6,200-6,400

Rice Chinnor New (100 INR/KG) 4,700-5,000 4,700-5,000

Jowar Gavarani (100 INR/KG) 2,350-2,550 2,350-2,550

Jowar CH-5 (100 INR/KG) 2,050-2,250 2,050-2,250 WEATHER (NAGPUR) Maximum temp. 34.3 degree Celsius, minimum temp. 21.3 degree Celsius Rainfall : Nil FORECAST: Partly cloudy sky. Maximum and minimum temperature likely to be around 34 degree Celsius and 21 degree Celsius. Note: n.a.—not available (For oils, transport costs are excluded from plant delivery prices, but included in market prices)

Our Standards:The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.


Price of palay down as gov't projects lower Q1 yield

While the average farmgate price of palay is lower year-on-year, the prices of well-milled and regular milled rice are still higher from a year ago
Rappler.com
Published 7:20 PM, March 19, 2019
Updated 7:20 PM, March 19, 2019
Description: LOWER. Palay prices are lower year-on-year amid projection of lower output for the 1st quarter of 2019. Photo by Bobby Lagsa/Rappler
LOWER. Palay prices are lower year-on-year amid projection of lower output for the 1st quarter of 2019. Photo by Bobby Lagsa/Rappler
MANILA, Philippines – The average farmgate price for palay, or unhusked rice, dropped as the 1st quarter nears its end, data from the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) showed.
As of the first week of March, the average farmgate price for palay saw a week-on-week decrease of 0.77% to P19.40 per kilogram (kg). Year-on-year, this is also 4.06% lower than the recorded average price of P22.22 per kg.
But according to the PSA, the average prices for both well-milled and regular milled rice are still higher year-on-year. On a weekly comparison, prices are slightly lower. (READ: FAST FACTS: Rice prices in the Philippines)
Compared to a year ago, the average retail price for well-milled rice posted an increase of 1.11% to P41.13 per kg, while the average retail price for regular milled rice also grew by 2.47% to P44.45 per kg.
In a separate report, the PSA said that the probable palay production for the first 3 months of 2019 may post a slight decrease to 4.62 million metric tons (MT) from the January round estimate of 4.65 million MT. (READ: Rice inventory up in February 2019 from a year ago)
This is roughly around the same yield from the same period last year, due to an expected 3.3% contraction in the harvest area from 1.19 million hectares. The PSA did not make mention of any effects from El Niño.
However, this is expected to be offset by a slight increase in yield per hectare from 3.87 MT last year to 4 MT. – Rappler.com

Myanmar earns over US$730 M from over 2.21 million tons of rice export
Description: A workplace in paddy field in Khin-U Township, Sagaing Region (Photo-Htay Hla Aung)
A workplace in paddy field in Khin-U Township, Sagaing Region (Photo-Htay Hla Aung)
PUBLISHED 19 MARCH 2019

SITHU AUNG
Myanmar has earned US$730 million from over 2.21 million tons of rice and broken rice export from April 1, 2018 to March 1, 2019, according to Ministry of Commerce.
Myanmar earned over 1.1 million tons of rice and broken rice export worth over US$361 million via maritime trade and over 1.1 million tons of rice and broken rice export worth over US$369 million through border trade routes within about 11 months time.
Myanmar earned 1.423 million tons of rice and broken rice export worth US$551 million in 2012-13 FY, 1.262 million tons of rice and broken rice export worth US$475 million in 2013-14 FY, 1.84 million tons of rice and broken rice export worth US$660 million in 2014-15 FY, 1.493 million tons of rice and broken rice export worth US$526 million in 2015-16 FY, 1.75 million tons of rice and broken rice export worth US$553 million in 2016-17 FY, 3.576 million tons of rice and broken rice export worth US$1.136 billion in 2017-18 FY, and over 2.21 million tons of rice and broken rice export worth over US$730 million from April 1, 2018 to March 1, 2019.
Myanmar is exporting more rice via border trade routes and the amount of rice export through border trade routes is about 60 per cent of total rice export in 2012-13 FY, 72 per cent of total rice export in 2013-14 FY, 77 per cent of total rice export in 2014-15 FY, 81 per cent of total rice export in 2015-16 FY, 72 per cent of total rice export in 2016-17 FY and 52 per cent of total rice export in 2017-18 FY.
Myanmar exported over 70 per cent of its total rice export through border trade routes in previous years.
Now Myanmar can find new markets for its rice export 2017-18 FY and the amount of rice export through maritime trade routes is up to 48 per cent of total rice export. The rice export via maritime trade routes is over 50 per cent in this fiscal year.
Myanmar is expecting to export up to four million tons of rice in coming three-year time and expected to earn US$1.5 billion, according to Myanmar Rice Federation.
Myanmar found new markets for rice export in 2017-18 FY and it exported up to 90 countries. Myanmar exported rice and broken rice to 75 countries in this fiscal year.

Kellogg’s plans to contract Titan rice; crop released in 2015 by U of A

Professor Xueyan Sha, left, and his research team cut breeder seed for advancing medium grain rice breeding lines like Titan. Special to The Commercial/Fred Miller/UA System Division of Agriculture
By Fred Miller Special to The Commercial
  
Kellogg Company announced in December that it will accept contracts of Titan rice for a portion of its 2019 volume of rice for cereal, said Bob Scott, director of the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture’s Rice Research and Extension Center.
Titan is a high-yield, very short-season, medium-grain rice variety released from the Division of Agriculture’s rice breeding program in 2015. It offers some improvements over Jupiter, an earlier release from Louisiana that is a favorite among producers who grow medium-grain rice for cereal markets.
Division rice breeder Xueyan Sha said Titan averaged 200 to 205 bushels per acre in performance trials, about 10 bushels higher than Jupiter.
Cereal chemistry is similar to Jupiter, Sha said, but grain size, dimensions and quality are improved. Its milling yield is 59 percent head rice, it has low chalkiness and grain color is whiter than Jupiter.
“The cereal industry and general export markets will find its grain characteristics and quality very desirable,” Sha said.
Titan matures four to six days earlier than Jupiter, Sha said. It’s a semidwarf plant similar in height to Jupiter, but Titan has improved resistance to lodging.
Titan has better resistance to leaf blast than Jupiter, Sha said. It is moderately susceptible to bacterial panicle blight.
Foundation seed for Titan has been available to seed growers and dealers since 2016. It has been widely available to rice producers since 2017.
Jarrod Hardke, extension rice agronomist for the Division of Agriculture, said Titan was grown on approximately 70,000 acres in Arkansas in 2018, which accounted for 40 percent of medium-grain acres.
“It should maintain a similar market share or greater in 2019,” he said.
To learn more about Division of Agriculture rice breeding and research, visit the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station website: https://aaes.uark.edu or follow the agency on Twitter at @ArkAgResearch.
The University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture offers all its Extension and Research programs to all eligible persons without discrimination.
— Fred Miller is a Science Editor at the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture.

https://www.pbcommercial.com/news/20190317/kellogg8217s-plans-to-contract-titan-rice-crop-released-in-2015-by-u-of-a

 

RICE SEEDS MARKET: GLOBAL INDUSTRY ANALYSIS, SIZE, SHARE, GROWTH, TRENDS, AND FORECAST, 2018–2026

MARCH 19, 2019
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